In a small bowl, whisk together the fig balsamic vinegar, walnut oil, and honey until well combined.
Season with salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste. Set aside.
In a dry skillet over medium heat, toast the walnuts for 3-4 minutes, stirring frequently until they are golden and fragrant. Remove from heat and set aside to cool.
Place the fresh arugula in a large salad bowl.
Add the quartered figs and toasted walnuts to the arugula.
If using, sprinkle the crumbled goat cheese over the salad.
Drizzle the prepared dressing over the salad.
Toss gently to coat all the ingredients with the dressing.
Serve the salad immediately, garnishing with additional figs or walnuts if desired.